Browsing by Type "Controlled Vocabulary for Resource Type Genres::texto::libro::capítulo de libro"
  • Institution Publication
    A case study of the economic, social, and environmental impacts of BIC companies in Peru
    ( 2023-05-25)
    Gómez-Prado R.
    ;
    Sánchez-Palomino J.
    ;
    Alvarez-Risco A.
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    de las Mercedes-Anderson M.
    ;
    Del-Aguila-Arcentales S.
    In recent years, there has been growing concern about economic, social, and environmental challenges that are developing throughout the world. In response, there have been calls for the implementation of more sustainable practices in the business environment that respond to the needs of the population and also guarantee economic benefits. The Collective Benefit and Interest Company (known by its Spanish acronym BIC) is a model born out of these demands. It seeks to develop tools to solve environmental and community problems through everyday business activities. It is found that many of the Peruvian BIC companies emerged due to indifference and lack of support from the government for vulnerable populations. We analyze and compare the situational context of the legal framework of the BIC Law in the region and the challenges of implementation in the regulatory frameworks of these countries. Furthermore, we look at how this can be adopted by developing countries to achieve a greater global and regional impact. The research methodology is based on a documentary and case study review of the creation of BIC companies in Peru.
  • Institution Publication
    Adult Tapeworm Infections
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Fischer P.R.
    ;
    White A.C.
  • Institution Publication
    Afro-Peruvian citizenship: An Unfulflled promise after 200 years of republican independence
    ( 2024-03-20)
    Cotito M.N.
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    Cotito G.N.
    By 1821, Peru had enslaved 100,000 Africans mainly to work in the coastal haciendas in Peru. By the end of the colonization period in Peru, the capital city of Lima was mainly inhabited by criollos (population of direct Spanish heritage born in the Americas), mestizos, and Blacks, while a robust indigenous population inhabited the highlands of the country. Yet, during the forming of the national identity, the Black population was excluded. The authors argue that even after 200 years of republican independence, the promise of full Black citizenship is still unfulfilled. The chapter explores the social and political situation of Afrodescendants historically and explains how the national dynamics of racism have influenced this process and how it continues to affect Afroperuvians.
  • Institution Publication
    Agua para El Rosario
    (Universidad del Pacífico, 2006-06-01)
    Fuchs Angeles, Rosa María
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    Fuchs Angeles, Rosa María
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    Fuchs Angeles, Rosa María
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    Sugano Sato, Susana
    El centro poblado El Rosario, uno de los más pobres del distrito de Los Aquijes en el departamento de Ica, ha sufrido desde su fundación el problema de escasez de agua. A fines del 2003, este problema se agudizó debido a que el pozo que lo abastecía colapsó por falta de un mantenimiento adecuado. En ese contexto, la donación de un pozo por parte de Agrícola Chapi, empresa agroexportadora que cuenta con pozos en el distrito de Los Aquijes que proporcionan agua a sus tierras ubicadas en el sector de Pampa de Los Castillos, Distrito de Santiago, fue determinante para que dicho centro poblado vuelva a contar con este servicio y, de esta manera, aliviar a las más de 400 familias que habitan en El Rosario. El resultado positivo no solo estuvo reflejado en el abastecimiento regular de agua, sino que, además, sentó las bases para la colaboración entre la empresa privada, el Municipio y la población, pues sería una de las primeras experiencias de este tipo de trabajo conjunto en Ica y serviría, sobre todo para el gobierno local, para iniciar propuestas similares con otras empresas de la zona. Cabe mencionar que, durante la investigación realizada para la elaboración del caso, se tuvieron ciertas limitaciones como el que la persona inicialmente responsable del Área de Desarrollo Sostenible de Agrícola Chapi sea la única 98 Apuntes de Estudio autoridad de la empresa en atender a las autoras del caso. Posteriormente, esta persona dejó su cargo y se tuvo que retomar el tema con la nueva responsable meses después. Asimismo, se tuvo acceso restringido a documentación escrita por parte de la empresa para el desarrollo del presente caso.
  • Institution Publication
    AI Knows What You Did Last Summer: Applications in Digital Forensics
    ( 2024-01-01)
    Yang J.
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    Nascimento J.
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    Bertocco G.
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    Theophilo A.
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    Padilha R.
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    Soriano-Vargas A.
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    Andaló F.A.
    ;
    Rocha A.
    The past decade saw an explosive advancement in smartphones and cameras, making them even more powerful and cheaper. As a result, not only can we record high-quality footage of the world around us, but their increased accessibility makes it rare that a significant event goes unnoticed. Furthermore, once something is captured, it can be uploaded instantly to social media and accessed by millions of people. Even though this connectivity has multiple positive effects, social media also raised new challenges in our society, such as the spread of fake news and misinformation. This scenario has created a range of new problems that Digital Forensics is concerned about, from analyzing major events in the world — such as, terrorist attempts, wars, and natural disasters — to understanding how these are perceived and discussed online. To cope with the scale of such problems, they are often approached by powerful artificial intelligence (AI) techniques developed during the last decades. This chapter presents modern applications of AI in the Digital Forensics field. Person re-identification (PReID), visual analytics, fact-checking, event filtering, and authorship attribution are just a few examples of forensic tasks that have been leveraged from recent advances in AI research in this new scenario. We discuss each task’s associated problems, challenges, current methods, and future research directions and hope to give the reader a general idea of the challenges of the field and its imperative demands for new tools and smart techniques to face the challenges of the 21st century.
  • Institution Publication
    Alpaca and Llama: Domestication
    ( 2014-01-01)
    Metcalf J.L.
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    Metcalf J.L.
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    Cooper A.
    ;
    Wheeler J.C.
  • Institution Publication
    ANALYZING HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM IN ORGANIZATIONS
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Goundar S.
    ;
    Singh V.
    ;
    Kumar D.
    ;
    Bhardwaj A.
    ;
    Kaushik S.
    This research was conducted to assess how the use of human resource information system (HRIS) affects HR functions of the organization. HRIS research is very limited in Fiji and the Pacific as a whole therefore there was a need for this study. This chapter uses the DeLone and McLean HRIS success model integrated with some incumbent HRIS factors providing a comprehensive view into vital factors affecting HRIS in the HR department. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. The results from this research showed there were a total of six different factors that affect the use of HRIS in the HR divisions of government organizations. These factors are: usefulness, a faster decision making process, system quality, ease of use, subjective norms such as social and peer pressures, and system unification. The effect of these factors was measured which showed that system quality, service quality, and the ease of use has a positive impact. Further to this, the impact of HRIS on the HR division, in relation to performance and productivity was also investigated with the sample population. It was established that HRIS has a positive and significant effect on the productivity as well as the performance of the HR division in government organizations.
  • Institution Publication
    ANALYZING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CRM IN A BANK
    ( 2020-01-01)
    Goundar S.
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    Singh A.
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    Robinson C.
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    Singh E.
    ;
    Dass S.
    The current study aims to find out the effectiveness of customer relationship management (CRM) in banking. It intends to determine the efficiency of how CRM works from a staff and customer perspective. This research is important since CRM has become a leading goal of marketing of every organization. Its outcomes will allow comprehensive understanding of how effective CRM is in this part of the globe. Balanced Score Card research model was utilized. All the statistical and theoretical data was analyzed through strategy maps and action plans. It was focusing on the four perspectives of financial, customer, internal, and knowledge growth. Once the data is collected through questionnaires and interviews, focus was made based on sub questions reflecting the four perspectives. This study will help test the efficiency and effectiveness of CRM systems used in banks. Thus allowing room for improvements and further sustainability. The study will provide comprehensive knowledge on how CRM could be best used for productivity and efficient running of banks.
  • Institution Publication
    An aspect-oriented framework to model non-functional requirements in software product lines of service-oriented architectures
    ( 2011-12-01)
    Alférez Salinas G.H.
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    Alférez Salinas E.M.
    Non-functional requirements (NFRs) are of primary importance in Software Product Lines (SPLs) of Service-Oriented Architectures (SOAs) as they specify the quality characteristics of a software system within a SPL. However, they are difficult to manage because they are found in many contexts with varying concerns and crosscut multiple concerns along the software lifecycle. Existing variability management techniques in the context of SPL engineering tend to concentrate at the code level and do not address NFRs in SOAs. The analysis of variability from the beginning benefits the management of services from requirements to design and vice versa. Also, there is a need for a navigation chart to help practitioners to model NFRs in SPLs of SOAs while separating difficult to modularize and maintain crosscutting concerns. This chapter presents and applies an extended version of an aspect-oriented framework for SPLs that exploits aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) techniques in order to model variability of NFRs in SPLs of SOAs from early development stages. The aspect-oriented framework for SPLs is related to the Core Asset Development and Product Development activities in product line development proposed by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) of Carnegie Mellon University. The analysis is driven by a SPL where metrics were applied in order to assess the performance of the framework. © 2011, IGI Global.
  • Institution Publication
    An introduction to mining, mobility, and social change
    ( 2024-01-17)
    Himley M.
    ;
    Brereton D.
    ;
    Guzmán G.C.
  • Institution Publication
    Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to the Characterization of Petroleum
    (wiley, 2017-01-01)
    Araujo Pantoja, Patricia
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    Araujo Pantoja, Patricia
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    Araujo Pantoja, Patricia
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    Carrillo Le Roux, Galo A.
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    López-Gejo, Juan
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    Nascimento, Claudio Augusto Oller
    Infrared (IR) is the spectroscopic technique most extensively applied in the industry because it has a low cost, good signal-to-noise ratio, rapid response potential for online applications, non-destructive and non-invasive instrumentation, and simple or nearly no specific sample preparation. In consequence, IR has been extensively used in the characterization and classification of different crude oils (medium and heavy), gasoline, and associated products that have been carried out with this technique that is based on the characteristic vibrational modes of the functional groups present in the sample. NIR has been used in the oil and gas industry since the late 1970s and early 1980s. Many applications appeared that demonstrate the success of near-infrared (NIR) for the prediction of physical and chemical properties of crude oil and petroleum products. "Chemometrics" is a term applied to the generic discipline containing computers and mathematics to derive meaningful chemical information from samples of varying complexity.
  • Institution Publication
    Astrobiocentrism
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Chon-Torres O.A.
  • Institution Publication
  • Institution Publication
    ATP the New-Age Threat Vector
    ( 2025-01-01)
    Bhardwaj A.
    ;
    Goundar S.
    In the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the number and sophistication of cyberattacks. New-age cybercriminals, often referred to as “advanced persistent threat” (APT) actors, are typically well-funded and highly skilled organizations or individuals who use a variety of tactics to gain access to and steal sensitive information. These tactics include phishing scams, malware, and social engineering. APT actors are often state-sponsored and target government agencies, military organizations, and large corporations. In addition to APT actors, there has also been a rise in ransomware attacks, in which criminals encrypt a victim’s data and demand a ransom payment in exchange for the decryption key. Other trends in the last decade include an increase in attacks on IoT devices and the use of AI and machine learning by both attackers and defenders.
  • Institution Publication
  • Institution Publication
    Bats as prey
    ( 2023-01-01)
    Mikula P.
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    Lučan R.K.
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    Pellón J.J.
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    Pellón J.J.
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    Valdez J.W.
    ;
    Fenton B.
    Bats are one of the most diverse mammalian groups and an important component of global ecosystems and food webs. These nocturnal mammals are usually perceived as agile predators with few natural enemies, ignoring that bats can form one of the largest aggregations of mammals, becoming a tempting prey for other animals. Accumulating evidence reveals that bats may also be a prey and be an important source of food for other animals. Here, we focus on providing a short review of bat predators, biological aspects that make them attractive to predators, their behavioral responses to predation, and potential evolutionary consequences of predation for bat nocturnality. We also briefly identify important topics for future research on interactions between bats and their predators.
  • Institution Publication
    Bayesian Semiparametric Longitudinal Data Modeling Using NI Densities
    ( 2015-01-01)
    Castro L.M.
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    Lachos V.H.
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    Galvis D.M.
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    Bandyopadhyay D.
    Acknowledgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 8.7 Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 8.7.1 Appendix A: Densities of some speci?c NI distributions 175 8.7.2 Appendix B: Conditional posterior distributions . . . . . . . 176 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 in Bayesian Longitudinal data abounds in bio-statistical research, leading to exploration of a wide variety of statistical models with varying complexity. Linear mixed e?ects (LME) models [see e.g. 18, 31, 32] are routinely used to analyze these data, allowing researchers to capture correlations between responses that exhibit multivariate, clustered, multilevel, spatially-referenced and various other data structures. The LME model for continuous responses assumes normal distributions for the between-subject random e?ects and the within-subject random errors. However, this may lack robustness in parameter estimation under departures from normality (namely, heavy tails) and/or outliers [24]. To deal with this issue, some proposals in the literature consider replacing the normality assumption with a more ?exible class of distributions. For example, [24] proposed a multivariate Student-t LME model in the presence of outliers. [20] and [21] developed some additional tools for the t-LME model from a Bayesian perspective. [28] advocated the use of a subclass of elliptical distributions, called normal/independent (NI) distributions [22], and adopted a Bayesian framework to carry out posterior analysis for heavy-tailed LME (NI-LME) models. [1, 2] proposed extensions of the normal LME to deal with both asymmetry and outliers, with the LME as a particular case.
  • Institution Publication
  • Institution Publication
    Bioactive Compounds in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and Kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule)
    ( 2022-01-01)
    Repo-Carrasco-valencia R.
    ;
    Vidaurre-Ruiz J.M.
    Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule) are very nutritious crops native to the Andean region of South America. Both grains contain good-quality proteins and micronutrients such as iron, calcium and vitamins. Their fat content is relatively high, making them a source of essential fatty acids and tocopherols. Kañiwa has a particularly high dietary fibre content, thus being beneficial for human health. Quinoa and kañiwa seeds are major sources of flavonoids which consist mainly of glycosides of the flavonols kaempferol and quercetin. Processing Andean grains can lead to changes in the content of beneficial bioactive compounds; precautions must thus be taken to avoid losses. The traditional way to process Andean grains is cooking and roasting. It has been reported that it is possible to maintain the level of phenolic compounds in quinoa after cooking, if the cooking water is not discarded. Heat treatments can cause the release of phenolic compounds from the grain matrix, making them more bioavailable. During the milling of Andean grains, the bran fraction should be collected and used in food products because the majority of bioactive compounds are concentrated in this fraction.