Browsing by Type "Controlled Vocabulary for Resource Type Genres::texto::revista::artículo"
  • Institution Publication
    Development of an open-source thermal image processing software for improving irrigation management in potato crops (Solanum tuberosum L.)
    (MDPI, 2020-01-14 2020-01-14)
    Cucho Padin, Gonzalo
    ;
    Rinza Diaz, Javier Isidoro
    ;
    Ninanya Tantavilca, Johan Lenon
    ;
    Loayza, Hildo
    ;
    Quiroz, Roberto
    ;
    Ramirez, David A.
    Accurate determination of plant water status is mandatory to optimize irrigation scheduling and thus maximize yield. Infrared thermography (IRT) can be used as a proxy for detecting stomatal closure as a measure of plant water stress. In this study, an open-source software (Thermal Image Processor (TIPCIP)) that includes image processing techniques such as thermal-visible image segmentation and morphological operations was developed to estimate the crop water stress index (CWSI) in potato crops. Results were compared to the CWSI derived from thermocouples where a high correlation was found (𝑟𝑃𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛 = 0.84). To evaluate the effectiveness of the software, two experiments were implemented. TIPCIP-based canopy temperature was used to estimate CWSI throughout the growing season, in a humid environment. Two treatments with different irrigation timings were established based on CWSI thresholds: 0.4 (T2) and 0.7 (T3), and compared against a control (T1, irrigated when soil moisture achieved 70% of field capacity). As a result, T2 showed no significant reduction in fresh tuber yield (34.5 ± 3.72 and 44.3 ± 2.66 t ha−1), allowing a total water saving of 341.6 ± 63.65 and 515.7 ± 37.73 m3 ha−1 in the first and second experiment, respectively. The findings have encouraged the initiation of experiments to automate the use of the CWSI for precision irrigation using either UAVs in large settings or by adapting TIPCIP to process data from smartphone-based IRT sensors for applications in smallholder settings.
  • Institution Publication
    Evaluating alternatives to improve drinking water supply within a complex and uncertain human-environment system: case of the Port-au-Prince Metropolitan Region
    ( 2024-01-01)
    González-Zeas D.
    ;
    Chávez-Jiménez A.
    ;
    Rodríguez-Vera M.
    ;
    Pérez-Monforte S.
    Improving decision making in urban water supply systems under a wide range of changing human-environmental scenarios represents a challenging issue, especially when there is a high level of uncertainty and the available information is limited or scarce. To address this concern, the present study applied a decision aiding process to evaluate long-term planning solutions for the Port-au Prince Metropolitan Region’s water supply in Haiti, which is recognized for having a low coverage of water services and great lack of monitoring data. The methodological framework assessed pre-specified alternatives to face uncertain future conditions, with the main emphasis of being aware of how these uncertainties can be framed in the water management practices. To discover the most robust management solutions, a tradeoff analysis and multi-objective optimization allowed to explore the performance of alternatives across many future states of the world and multiple criteria. The results highlighted that human factors associated with the increase of per-capita water use and population growth posed a greater risk on water supply coverage than climatic factors. In addition, the decision support can offer a comprehensive representation of potential supply/demand futures, and provides decision-makers with the opportunity to discuss a posteriori the most appropriate water supply solution under an extensive variety of information with severe uncertainty.
  • Institution Publication
    Impact of external sources of knowledge on product innovation among low and medium-low technology intensive companies
    (Estudios Gerenciales, 2018-01-01)
    Carpio-Gallegos J.F.D.
    Despite their limitations, small and medium-sized companies with low and medium low technology intensiveness set themselves the challenge of improving their innovation capacity. Therefore, a probit model is proposed to study whether there is a positive effect of their external sources of market and technological knowledge on their ability to innovate in products. A sample of 826 companies listed in the National Poll on Innovation of Peru were examined. The results confirm a positive effect of external sources of knowledge, which favors the innovation of their products. These findings can help agencies promoting innovation to better focus policies to address the needs of small and medium enterprises in emerging economies.
  • Institution Publication
    Relationship between corporate governance and social responsibility: Evidenced in mining companies
    (University of Technology, 2019-07-25)
    Saenz C.
    The objectives of this research are to determine the topics that corporate governance (CG) and social responsibility (SR) have in common, to find which of the topics in common are found only in CG reports, and to find which of the topics in common are found in both CG and SR reports. To meet the objectives, a content analysis was prepared based on a literature review, from which a CG and SR Model Questionnaire table of topics and subtopics in common was compiled. From there, the annual reports, CG reports, and SR reports of 26 main mining companies, all members of the International Council on Mining and Metals, were analyzed. The results showed that 21.52% of topics in common were mentioned in both CG and SR reports, 19.51% were disclosed in CG reports but not in SR reports, and 28.20% were found exclusively in SR reports.