This study analyses the antecedents and consequence of employees' psychological resilience (PR) in the workplace. We first examined the three dimensions of the effects of social capital (structural, relational and cognitive) on employees' PR. Then, we tested the effects of PR on employees' positive work attitudes. A cross-sectional survey data from 204 employees working in an Iranian state-owned organisation supports the positive effects of three dimensions of employees' social capital on their psychological resilience. We also found that PR contributes to increasing positive work attitudes toward the achievement of organisational goals among employees.