Objective: to describe the scientific production related to diabetes in Peru between 1996 and 2015. Methods: Bibliometric study. Scientific papers on diabetes published between 1996 and 2015 were identified by authors with Peruvian affiliation in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoS) and Scopus databases. The variables of interest were extracted manually. We present descriptive results and collaborative networks. Results: We found 81 publications, 75.3% were original articles, of which none evaluated public health interventions and 60.7% received foreign funding; 55.6% had an author affiliated with the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), and 65.4% had a foreign author. Five clusters of international collaboration networks could be distinguished, all with the participation of the UPCH. Conclusion: Peruvian scientific production related to diabetes is low, with an absence of studies evaluating public health interventions, and with collaboration networks focused on UPCH.