The world is facing a crisis of noncommunicable diseases alongside a state of climate volatility. Of the total health burden attributable to climate change, 99% will be assumed by developing countries. In light of climate change, Peru’s best opportunity is to create mitigation and adaptation policies focused on developing health co-benefits, which will improve the state of noncommunicable diseases and the climate system. This article presents Peru’s compromises in terms of mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions; identifies public health opportunities for Peru under the Paris Agreement signed in the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21); and makes recommendations for evidence and policy generation for the National Academy of Medicine and the Peruvian government.