The case is presented of a female patient with history of anaemia (haemoglobin 9 g/dL) of 4 years onset, who was referred to the Internal Medicine department complaining of fatigue, dyspnoea, and syncope. She also had a burning pain in the costal region radiating to dorsal and lumbar spine, and lower limbs, which persisted for more than 6 months. The laboratory results reported a haemoglobin value of 8.4 g / dL. There were also high levels of immunoglobulin A (2087). The serum protein electrophoresis revealed the presence of a monoclonal peak, with immunofixation showing the presence of Kappa type IgA. The histopathological examination of the bone marrow biopsy showed the presence of osteosclerosis and few plasma cells. Multiple myeloma was confirmed by CD 138 immunohistochemical staining. A review is presented on multiple myeloma, its clinical presentation, and differential diagnosis.