Introduction: Peru is a developing country with increasing scientific production. However, it is necessary to understand the trends, impact, and collaborative networks of research to plan for policy improvements. Objective: We analyzed the production, impact, and collaboration networks in the Peruvian scientific production between 2000 and 2019. Methods: We did an observational analytical study. We searched Scopus for all the publications with at least one author with a Peruvian affiliation declared in the author byline. A descriptive analysis of the different characteristics, trends, and scientific collaboration was carried out. Collaboration networks were plotted using VOSviewer. Results: Between 2000 and 2019, Peru had a total of 24 482 publications in scientific journals, with an average annual growth of 13.6%. Of the total, 70% of all the articles were cataloged as Clinical Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. Only half of the articles had a Peruvian affiliation. The countries with the largest share of collaboration were the United States and Brazil, and the articles with international collaboration had the highest number of citations per publication. Conclusions: Scientific production in Peru has increased in recent years, with a significant percentage of publications based on international collaboration and led by authors with non-Peruvian affiliations. It is necessary to strengthen collaboration ties between Peruvian and foreign institutions. Furthermore, it is essential to propitiate further research that will help solve the country's problems.