In recent decades the autoimmune system’s response to macromolecules, which governs the body’s immune response to implants of therapeutics, has been a critical area of research. For these reasons, polymers have been used in the preparation of innovative biomaterials for biomedical applications, mainly in immunology, to control autoimmune diseases and enhance health. Polymers can improve the physicochemical and biological (immune response and other medical) characteristics of the biomaterials. This chapter addresses the importance of several available natural and synthetic polymers and their biomaterials for antigen delivery for the control of autoimmune diseases.