Determine the effectiveness of surgical treatment and / or adjuvant to improve the quality of life in patients with colon cancer compared to rectal cancer. Cohort study that evaluated 27 patients diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma (Group A= 12) and rectum (Group B= 15) resectable treated at the Institute Regional of Neoplastic Diseases of Trujillo since the 1 January 2008 until 31 July 2009. The overall life quality, as assessed by the QLQ-C 30 at 3 months postoperatively was 67.86 +/- 17.90 points vs. 68.50 +/- 11.94 points respectively for the patients of groups A and B (p = 0.934).The social function was better in patients undergoing surgery for Group A than Group B , (37.50 + 13.36 points vs. 60.00 + 13.69 points, p = 0.018). Body image at 3 months assessed by the QLQ-CR-29 had an average score of 28.12 +/- 6.12 points and 50.00 +/- 25.00 points for Group A y B respectively (p = 0.034). The Group A patients had a mean score at 6 months for sexual function of 33.33 +/- 12.91 points, while Group B patients this average score was 65.00 +/- 22.36 points (p = 0.016). Both surgeries for colon and rectal cancer are as effective in improving the overall quality of life of these patients, however the social function, body image, and sexual function is better in colon surgery.