Introduction: There are ancestral care during the puerperium that remain in force, but they are opposed to those indicated by the health personnel. Objective: Understand the cultural meaning of the body, feeling and traditional care in the puerperium from the Nahua worldview. Methods: Qualitative ethnographic research carried out in the Axtla de Terrazas indigenous community in San Luis de Potosí, Mexico, from March to July 2019. The sample was non-probabilistic for convenience, 14 postpartum women from the community participated. To collect the data, the field diary, the participant observation and the ethnographic interview with prior informed consent were used, which were then manually processed according to the thematic analysis. Results: Three cultural themes emerged: a) Affections that the "hot" body of the puerperal woman can cause, b) The feeling of the woman in the puerperium: Between pain and joy, c) Traditional care to avoid complications during the puerperium. Conclusions: There are meanings about the body, feelings and traditional care during the puerperium in the Nahua worldview. For this reason, health care must be intercultural, considering the customs of postpartum women, to avoid care that may be considered intrusive, causing a culture shock, and that they never attend their check-ups again. © 2022 Universidad de Alicante. All rights reserved.