Selecting a representative subset of objects is one of the effective ways for processing large data sets. It concerns both automatic time-consuming algorithms and manual study of object properties by experts. ‘Representativity’ is considered here in a narrow sense as the equality of the statistical distributions of objects parameters for the subset and for the whole set. We propose a simple method for the selection of such a subset based on testing complex statistical hypotheses including an artificial hypothesis to avoid ambiguity. We demonstrate its functionality on two data sets, where one is related to the companies of mobile communication in Russia and the other – to the intercity autobuses communication in Peru.