From an interdisciplinary analysis, this paper aims to discuss the performance of public administration from a ius economic perspective. In line with the neo institutional approach, it states that ius economic analysis is based on the premise that the agents involved in the different levels of government make decisions according to the incentives they face and that the legal rules represent variables within the context of these decisions creating benefits. Nevertheless, the legal rules can also produce negative externalities, since justice and redistribution are not necessarily equivalent to economic efficiency. Therefore, the specific aim of the theoretical proposal of this paper introduces a ius economic exploration of the performance of public administration from the study of the Peruvian and Ecuadorian cases.