Two new species of legume, Caesalpinia celendiniana and Mimosa lamolina and one new variety, Caesalpinia pluviosa var. maraniona, from the inter-Andean Río Marañón Valley in northern Perú are described and illustrated. These add to the already impressive tally of endemics known from the seasonally dry tropical forests of the Río Marañón Valley, which apparently far exceeds the endemic plant diversity from other nearby inter-Andean dry valleys in Perú and southern Ecuador. © 2010 The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.