Title
Rapid Scalable Processing of Tin Oxide Transport Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells
Date Issued
22 June 2020
Access level
open access
Resource Type
journal article
Author(s)
Smith J.A.
Game O.S.
Bishop J.E.
Spooner E.L.K.
Kilbride R.C.
Greenland C.
Jayaprakash R.
Alanazi T.I.
Alanazi T.I.
Cassella E.J.
Chistiakova G.
Wong-Stringer M.
Routledge T.J.
Parnell A.J.
Hammond D.B.
Lidzey D.G.
Institut für Silizium-Photovoltaik
Institut für Silizium-Photovoltaik
Publisher(s)
American Chemical Society
Abstract
The development of scalable deposition methods for perovskite solar cell materials is critical to enable the commercialization of this nascent technology. Herein, we investigate the use and processing of nanoparticle SnO2 films as electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells and develop deposition methods for ultrasonic spray coating and slot-die coating, leading to photovoltaic device efficiencies over 19%. The effects of postprocessing treatments (thermal annealing, UV ozone, and O2 plasma) are then probed using structural and spectroscopic techniques to characterize the nature of the np-SnO2/perovskite interface. We show that a brief "hot air flow"method can be used to replace extended thermal annealing, confirming that this approach is compatible with high-throughput processing. Our results highlight the importance of interface management to minimize nonradiative losses and provide a deeper understanding of the processing requirements for large-area deposition of nanoparticle metal oxides.
Start page
5552
End page
5562
Volume
3
Issue
6
Language
English
OCDE Knowledge area
Ingeniería eléctrica, Ingeniería electrónica
Ingeniería de materiales
Subjects
Scopus EID
2-s2.0-85085887418
Source
ACS Applied Energy Materials
ISSN of the container
25740962
Sponsor(s)
We thank the EPSRC for PhD studentships through the Centre for Doctoral Training in New and Sustainable PV, EP/L01551X/1 (J.A.S., E.L.K.S., C.G.) and via the University of Sheffield DTG account (J.E.B., R.C.K.). T.I.A. thanks the Saudi Government for funding via a PhD studentship. We also acknowledge funding from EPSRC to support this work via grants “Hybrid Polaritonics” (EP/M025330/1), “High-resolution mapping of performance and degradation mechanisms in printable photovoltaic devices” (EP/M025020/1), “The integration of photovoltaic devices with carbon-fibre composites” (EP/S009213/1) and from the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) through Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), grant number ST/R002754/1 “Synchrotron Techniques for African Research and Technology (START)”. J.A.S. also thanks the Erasmus + exchange program for support. We also thank Thomas Featherstone for assistance with XPS data analysis, Carolin Rehermann for helping with UV–Vis measurements, as well as Selina Olthof and Aboma Merdasa for useful discussions. The XPS instrument belongs to the Sheffield Surface Analysis Centre, a facility run from the Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, and is led by Professor Graham Leggett. We thank the company Xenocs for their help and ongoing support in the X-ray scattering user program at Sheffield, and we thank the EPSRC for funding the purchase of this instrument.
Sources of information:
Directorio de Producción Científica
Scopus