This article highlights the importance of the formulation of an Andean Condor conservation plan in Peru that must be based on scientific information, which is mostly absent in Peru, yet is available in the region. I argue that the Andean Condor conservation plan should prioritize the quantification of the population size in Peru, identification of areas with high densities and main threats and causes of mortality in the country. Supplementary feeding practices to increase nest productivity are not advised due to possible changes in the structure of carrion feeding bird populations including Andean Condor. Although these practices have been successfully used in vulture species that suffered drastic population reductions due to low food supply or by the ingestion of contaminated food, in Peru, Andean Condors face more severe threats that must be urgently addressed. Among these, the use of live individuals in traditional ceremonies is probably the most important. Sanitary analysis and veterinary care during ceremonies, reduction in mortality of birds captured, their release and monitoring could generate valuable information for the conservation of the species in Peru. Currently, an education program directed to local people and authorities involved in these ceremonies should be implemented, while a strategy to reduce, and eventually stop, the use of Andean Condors in these ceremonies is developed and successfully carried out.