Introduction: in order to improve learning, teachers so often carry out some type of abuse, which means a high frequency of mistreatment among medical students. However, its determinants have not been explored in an extensive student population. Objective: to determine the socio-educational factors associated with the perception of abuse among Peruvian medical students. Methods: cross-sectional, analytical, multi-center study in more than one thousand students throughout Peru. A validated survey was used for student abuse, seeking association with socio-educational variables. A snowball sampling was carried out; statistical associations were found using generalized linear models. Results: women suffered less physical abuse (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR]: 0.86), but more sexual abuse (APR: 1.54). Those from private universities had lower physical abuse (APR: 0.80). Homosexuals had more psychological, academic and sexual abuse (APR: 1.81, 1.78 and 2.07 respectively). Bisexuals had more sexual abuse (APR: 1.50). Those who were overweight/obese suffered more psychological abuse (APR: 1.21). The higher amount of years in hospitals, the more cases of psychological and sexual abuse (APR: 1.10 and 1.09, respectively). Those who did extra shifts and were medical interns had greater physical (APR: 1.22 and 1.40, respectively) and academic (APR: 1.21 and 1.46, respectively) abuse. Those satisfied with the major had less frequent of the four types of abuse. Conclusions: some students were found to be more mistreated, measures must be taken for this to be characterized, intervened and reduced, since it could have consequences on the students, their performance and may have repercussions until he is a professional.