The commemorations of the bicentennials of the independence in Latin America have been rethinking various themes and renewing the independence historiography. Within these new perspectives, the political-cultural history and in a specific way the analysis of the printed matter and the press have acquired a fundamental relevance as media and, especially, in their important role as political actor. In this sense, this research analyzes the war of words unleashed between the official press in Lima and the patriotic press in Buenos Aires and Santiago de Chile in the context of separatist struggles; especially the independence of Chile, and the prolegomena of the expedition of San Martín to Peru.