Following the methods and tools developed by Hammarström, Castermans, Forkel et al. (2018) for the simultaneous visualization of the vitality status and degree of documentation of the world’s languages, this paper provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the achievements and the challenges in the documentation and description of Peruvian languages. We attempt to determine the real dimensions of our understanding of the linguistic diversity of our country, and we propose some priorities the description, documentation and revitalization of Peruvian languages.