OBJECTIVE: Determine the risk factors associated with preterm premature rupture of membranes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational, analytical study design of cases and controls, retrospective and transversal, carried out in pregnant women treated in 2017 at the San José Hospital, Callao, Peru. Sociodemographic and obstetric factors were studied. For the bivariate statistical analysis, the chi-square test was applied c2, the Odds ratio with its confidence intervals; and for multivariate analysis, the binary logistic regression test. RESULTS: The sample was 32 pregnant women with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes (cases) and 64 pregnant women without pathologies (controls). Among the factors studied, the sociodemographic ones showed no significant association; while obstetric factors such as vaginal cervical infections (ORa: 6.9; CI 95%: 1.6-29.2), urinary tract infection (ORa: 5.1; CI 95%: 1.5-17.2) and anemia (ORa: 4.8; CI 95%: 1.6-14.2) showed a significant increase in the risk of preterm premature rupture of membranes when a pregnant woman is exposed to them. CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal cervical infections, urinary tract infection and anemia were risk factors associated with Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes in the study group.