The Symplocaceae are represented in Peru by one genus, Symplocos, and 26 species, all woody plants (Ståhl, 1993). Here we recognize 14 endemic species, of which almost half is known from one locality. Most endemic species are found in Pluvial Montane Forests and Very Humid Montane Forests regions, between 2250 and 3700 m elevation. Six of these endemic species have been recorded within Peru's protected areas system.