Title
Heterologous infection and vaccination shapes immunity against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Date Issued
14 January 2022
Access level
open access
Resource Type
journal article
Author(s)
Reynolds C.J.
Gibbons J.M.
Pade C.
Lin K.M.
Sandoval D.M.
Pieper F.
Butler D.K.
Liu S.
Otter A.D.
Joy G.
Fontana M.
Smit A.
Kele B.
Cutino-Mogue T.
Maini M.K.
Noursadeghi M.
Brooks T.
Semper A.
Manisty C.
Treibel T.A.
Moon J.C.
McKnight Á.
Altmann D.M.
Boyton R.J.
St. Bartholomew's Hospital
Publisher(s)
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Abstract
The impact of the initial severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infecting strain on downstream immunity to heterologous variants of concern (VOCs) is unknown. Studying a longitudinal healthcare worker cohort, we found that after three antigen exposures (infection plus two vaccine doses), S1 antibody, memory B cells, and heterologous neutralization of B.1.351, P.1, and B.1.617.2 plateaued, whereas B.1.1.7 neutralization and spike T cell responses increased. Serology using the Wuhan Hu-1 spike receptor binding domain poorly predicted neutralizing immunity against VOCs. Neutralization potency against VOCs changed with heterologous virus encounter and number of antigen exposures. Neutralization potency fell differentially depending on targeted VOCs over the 5 months from the second vaccine dose. Heterologous combinations of spike encountered during infection and vaccination shape subsequent cross-protection against VOC, with implications for future-proof next-generation vaccines.
Start page
183
End page
192
Volume
375
Issue
6577
Language
English
OCDE Knowledge area
Virología
Enfermedades infecciosas
Scopus EID
2-s2.0-85122960037
PubMed ID
Source
Science
ISSN of the container
00368075
Sponsor(s)
R.J.B. and D.M.A. are supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC) (grants MR/S019553/1, MR/R02622X/1, MR/ V036939/1, and MR/W020610/1), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC): ITMAT, Cystic Fibrosis Trust SRC (grant 2019SRC015), NIHR EME Fast Track (grant NIHR134607), NIHR Long Covid (grant COVLT2-0027), Innovate UK (grant SBRI 10008614), and Horizon 2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network (ITN) European Training Network (grant 860325). Á.M. is supported by the MRC (grant MR/W020610/1), NIHR EME Fast Track (grant NIHR134607), Rosetrees Trust, The John Black Charitable Foundation, and Medical College of St Bartholomew's Hospital Trust. The COVIDsortium is supported by funding donated by individuals, charitable Trusts, and corporations including Goldman Sachs, K. C. Griffin, The Guy Foundation, GW Pharmaceuticals, Kusuma Trust, and Jagclif Charitable Trust, and enabled by Barts Charity with support from UCLH Charity. Wider support is acknowledged on the COVIDsortium website. Institutional support from Barts Health NHS Trust and Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust facilitated study processes, in partnership with University College London and Queen Mary University of London. MKM is supported by UKRI/NIHR UK-CIC, Wellcome Trust Investigator Award (214191/Z/18/Z) and CRUK Immunology grant (26603). J.C.M., C.M., and T.A.T. are directly and indirectly supported by the University College London Hospitals (UCLH) and Barts NIHR Biomedical Research Centres and through the British Heart Foundation (BHF) (accelerator award AA/18/6/34223). T.T. is funded by a BHF Intermediate Research Fellowship (FS/19/35/ 34374). MN is supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant 207511/ Z/17/Z) and by NIHR Biomedical Research Funding to UCL and UCLH. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report.
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