Cysticercosis, the infection of the larval tissue stage of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium, is endemic to most developing countries and increasingly is seen in industrialized countries because of immigration. Human infection is a major cause of acquired epilepsy, and porcine infection causes important economic losses to farm workers. Clinical manifestations vary because of the variable number, size, and location of the cysts and the immune response of the host. Diagnosis is based on imaging techniques (CT and MR imaging) and serology (immunoblot). Current research efforts are centered on control and eradication of the taeniasis cysticercosis complex in endemic areas.