A captive woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha) maintained as pet was brought to the clinic due to the presence of a swelling in the neck, loss of appetite and weakness. The swelling corresponded to an abscess. The radiographic test showed signs of bronchopneumonia, the acid alcohol test ruled out the presence of mycobacteria and in the bacterial culture Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated. Antibiotic therapy, based on enrofloxacin 5 mg/kg i.m. daily was administered for 10 days, as this antibiotic showed high susceptibility in the antibiogram. The patient fully recovered.