Title
Cs <inf>x</inf> FA<inf>1- x</inf>Pb(I<inf>1- y</inf>Br <inf>y</inf>)<inf>3</inf> Perovskite Compositions: The Appearance of Wrinkled Morphology and its Impact on Solar Cell Performance
Date Issued
02 August 2018
Access level
open access
Resource Type
journal article
Author(s)
Braunger S.
Mundt L.
Wolff C.
Mews M.
Rehermann C.
Jošt M.
Eisenhauer D.
Becker C.
Unger E.
Korte L.
Neher D.
Schubert M.
Albrecht S.
Publisher(s)
American Chemical Society
Abstract
We report on the formation of wrinkle-patterned surface morphologies in cesium formamidinium-based CsxFA1-xPb(I1-yBry)3 perovskite compositions with x = 0-0.3 and y = 0-0.3 under various spin-coating conditions. By varying the Cs and Br contents, the perovskite precursor solution concentration and the spin-coating procedure, the occurrence and characteristics of the wrinkle-shaped morphology can be tailored systematically. Cs0.17FA0.83Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3 perovskite layers were analyzed regarding their surface roughness, microscopic structure, local and overall composition, and optoelectronic properties. Application of these films in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with indium-doped tin oxide/NiOx/perovskite/C60/bathocuproine/Cu architecture resulted in up to 15.3 and 17.0% power conversion efficiency for the flat and wrinkled morphology, respectively. Interestingly, we find slightly red-shifted photoluminescence (PL) peaks for wrinkled areas and we are able to directly correlate surface topography with PL peak mapping. This is attributed to differences in the local grain size, whereas there is no indication for compositional demixing in the films. We show that the perovskite composition, crystallization kinetics, and layer thickness strongly influence the formation of wrinkles which is proposed to be related to the release of compressive strain during perovskite crystallization. Our work helps us to better understand film formation and to further improve the efficiency of PSCs with widely used mixed-perovskite compositions.
Start page
17123
End page
17135
Volume
122
Issue
30
Language
English
OCDE Knowledge area
Recubrimiento, Películas Física de partículas, Campos de la Física
Scopus EID
2-s2.0-85049915528
Source
Journal of Physical Chemistry C
ISSN of the container
19327447
Sponsor(s)
The authors thank Carola Ferber, Carola Klimm, Dorothee Menzel, Dr. Grit Köppel, and Dr. Florian Ruske from HZB for technical assistance and valuable discussions. We acknowledge the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) for funding of the Young Investigator Group Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells within the program “Materialforschung für die Energiewende” (grant no. 03SF0540) and Young Investigator Group NanoSIPPE within the program “NanoMatFutur” (grant no. 03X5520). Furthermore, we acknowledge the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) for financial support through the “PersiST” project (grant no. 0324037C). In addition, funding by the graduate school HyPerCells (www.perovskites.de), a joint graduate school from Helmholtz-Center Berlin and University of Potsdam and by the Potsdam Graduate School (PoGS) is acknowledged. This work was also supported by the Vice-rectory of Research of the Pontificia Universidad Catolicá del Peru,́ grants nos. CAP-2018-1-0071 and FMII-006-2018. S.B. gratefully acknowledges the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for a Feodor Lynen Return Fellowship.
Sources of information: Directorio de Producción Científica Scopus