Traditionally the death of companies has been conceived as the failure in the management of resources by managers and / or owners. From that perspective, managers have become a fundamental asset for survival; representing the articulating entity between the financial capabilities of the company and the conditions of the business environment. In this sense, this article has as main objective to determine, from the organizational studies, the external factors that determine the survival of a population-based business group, in specific supply micro businesses (miscellaneous) established in the City of Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico. A correlational investigation was carried out, through the application of a factor analysis. To obtain data, 221 microenterprises were analyzed, during the period from January to December 2018. The results obtained indicate that the factors that affect the survival of this type of companies are: The age of business, density of organizational populations and The characteristics of the environment. It was concluded that business survival is conditioned by the age of the company, the experience of the entrepreneur in the sector, population density, competition and regulation established in the State of Quintana Roo, Mexico.