The leptodactylid frog genus Edalorhina contains two species - E. nasuta, known from two localities in central Peru, and E. perezi that is widespread in the upper Amazon Basin. The latter species varies geographically in dorsal skin texture and ventral color pattern. The most distinctive ventral pattern occurs in specimens from the southeastern part of the range in the drainages of the Rio Purus and Rio Madre de Dios. Limited data on advertisement calls suggests that the calls are essentially the same in different parts of the range. Edalorhina perezi is diurnal and inhabits leaf litter on the forest floor in lowland tropical rainforest. Eggs are deposited in a foam nest at the edge of shallow, temporary pools, and the aquatic tadpoles are generalized. The life history data support the placement of the genus in the subfamily Leptodactyli-nae. © 1990, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.