Objective: Determine sociodemographic characteristics, gynecological-obstetric history, perception and previous knowledge associated with not performing surgical sterilization in large multiparous women admitted to a hospital in the province of Huancayo. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, prospective and cross-sectional study, was carried out on large multiparous women hospitalized in the gynecology and obstetrics services of the Regional Maternal and Child Teaching Hospital "El Carmen" of Huancayo; that met the inclusion criteria. A survey-type collection instrument was applied. A descriptive statistic was carried out, as well as the bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: 73% of the women surveyed would not undergo surgical sterilization in the future, however, 90% would like to receive more information about it. The statistically significant factors associated with not performing surgical sterilization were: Not having used any contraceptive method previously (RPa: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.01-1.82, p: 0.042), not knowing if you want having more children (RPa: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.22-2.03, p <0.001), thinking that performing surgical sterilization would be against their rights (RPa: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.05-1.46; p: 0.008) and to think that surgical sterilization produces menstrual alterations (RPa: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.17-1.34, p: 0.027). Conclusions: Many women surveyed would not opt for surgical sterilization in the future due to various factors, many of them modifiable with adequate training and intervention of health personnel.