The ethnobotanical study of dye-yielding plants has been carried out in native communities of Shipibo-Konibo Amerindians around Pucallpa city in Coronel Portillo Province of Ucayali Region in Peru. Eighteen plant species distributed among 14 families that are commonly used as sources of natural dyes in the studied area are reported in this study, whereas the botanical and vernacular names, plant parts used, color produced, forms of preparation and application of dye are given for each species. Among investigated species, Bixa orellana (Bixaceae), Buchenavia oxycarpa (Combretaceae), Swietenia macrophylla (Meliaceae), Terminalia amazonia (Combretaceae) and Terminalia catappa (Combretaceae) were reported to be the most popularly used by the local communities. Seven different colors (black, brown, green, pink, purple, red and yellow) were described to be prepared from the total number of studied species for textile and hair dying, body painting and food colorants. © 2010 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.