Infections caused by soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomes afflict the largest number of humans world-wide. They are found throughout the developing world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, the Americas, China, and East Asia. Since the 1970s, these infections have been treated and controlled by chemotherapy. However, this strategy alone or in combination with health education and/or other associated measures has failed to control disease transmission despite continuous large-scale and massive treatment programs. In contrast, the most successful programs undertaken hitherto to control, and even eradicate, infectious diseases have employed vaccines. To date, however, vaccines are not available to control helminth infections. We discuss the accumulated data on the experimental vaccine incorporating the Schistosoma mansoni fatty acid-binding protein (Sm14) for human schistosomiasis and livestock fasciolosis. This vaccine is currently in clinical trials in humans and large animals in Brazil. © 2012 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.