Title
Obesity risk in rural, urban and rural-to-urban migrants: Prospective results of the PERU MIGRANT study
Date Issued
01 January 2016
Access level
open access
Resource Type
journal article
Author(s)
Publisher(s)
Nature Publishing Group
Abstract
Background:Although migration and urbanization have been linked with higher obesity rates, especially in low-resource settings, prospective information about the magnitude of these effects is lacking. We estimated the risk of obesity and central obesity among rural subjects, rural-to-urban migrants and urban subjects.Methods:Prospective data from the PERU MIGRANT Study were analyzed. Baseline data were collected in 2007-2008 and participants re-contacted in 2012-2013. At follow-up, outcomes were obesity and central obesity measured by body mass index and waist circumference. At baseline, the primary exposure was demographic group: rural, rural-to-urban migrant and urban. Other exposures included an assets index and educational attainment. Cumulative incidence, incidence ratio (IR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for obesity and central obesity were estimated with Poisson regression models.Results:At baseline, mean age (±s.d.) was 47.9 (±12.0) years, and 53.0% were females. Rural subjects comprised 20.2% of the total sample, whereas 59.7% were rural-to-urban migrants and 20.1% were urban dwellers. A total of 3598 and 2174 person-years were analyzed for obesity and central obesity outcomes, respectively. At baseline, the prevalence of obesity and central obesity was 20.0 and 52.5%. In multivariable models, migrant and urban groups had an 8-to 9.5-fold higher IR of obesity compared with the rural group (IR migrants=8.19, 95% CI=2.72-24.67; IR urban=9.51, 95% CI=2.74-33.01). For central obesity, there was a higher IR only among the migrant group (IR=1.95; 95% CI=1.22-3.13). Assets index was associated with a higher IR of central obesity (IR top versus bottom tertile 1.45, 95% CI=1.03-2.06).Conclusions:Peruvian urban individuals and rural-to-urban migrants show a higher incidence of obesity compared with their rural counterparts. Given the ongoing urbanization occurring in middle-income countries, the rapid development of increased obesity risk by rural-to-urban migrants suggests that measures to reduce obesity should be a priority for this group.
Start page
181
End page
185
Volume
40
Issue
1
Language
English
OCDE Knowledge area
Nutrición, Dietética
Ciencias socio biomédicas (planificación familiar, salud sexual, efectos políticos y sociales de la investigación biomédica)
Scopus EID
2-s2.0-84953357157
PubMed ID
Source
International Journal of Obesity
ISSN of the container
03070565
Sponsor(s)
Hector H García, David A Leon, Shah Ebrahim and Ricardo Uauy provided critical comments and support at the design phase and throughout the baseline study. Our special gratitude to various colleagues at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia and A.B. PRISMA in Lima, Peru, and several others in the United Kingdom, as well as to the staff and the team of field workers who contributed to different parts of this study. Most importantly, our sincere gratitude is extended to the people who agreed to take part in the study and to Candice Romero and Lilia Cabrera who coordinated the fieldwork phase of this study. We also thank Jose Alfredo Zavala-Loayza for his comments on an early version of this manuscript. The PERU MIGRANT Study baseline assessment work was funded by a Wellcome Trust Master Research Training Fellowship to JJM, a Wellcome Trust PhD Studentship to JJM (074833) and follow-up support was provided by the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (FondoConcur-sable No. 20205071009). RMC-L, AB-O, JJM and the CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases were supported by federal funds from the United States National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract No. HHSN268200900033C. LS is a Wellcome Trust Senior Clinical Fellow (098504/Z/12/Z), and AB-O is a Wellcome Trust Research Training Fellow in Public Health and Tropical Medicine (103994/Z/14/Z).
Hector H García, David A Leon, Shah Ebrahim and Ricardo Uauy provided critical comments and support at the design phase and throughout the baseline study. Our special gratitude to various colleagues at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia and A.B. PRISMA in Lima, Peru, and several others in the United Kingdom, as well as to the staff and the team of field workers who contributed to different parts of this study. Most importantly, our sincere gratitude is extended to the people who agreed to take part in the study and to Candice Romero and Lilia Cabrera who coordinated the fieldwork phase of this study. We also thank Jose Alfredo Zavala-Loayza for his comments on an early version of this manuscript. The PERU MIGRANT Study baseline assessment work was funded by a Wellcome Trust Master Research Training Fellowship to JJM, a Wellcome Trust PhD Studentship to JJM (074833) and follow-up support was provided by the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (FondoConcursable No. 20205071009). RMC-L, AB-O, JJM and the CRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases were supported by federal funds from the United States National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract No. HHSN268200900033C. LS is a Wellcome Trust Senior Clinical Fellow (098504/Z/12/Z), and AB-O is a Wellcome Trust Research Training Fellow in Public Health and Tropical Medicine (103994/Z/14/Z).
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