Hispanic immigrants are an increasing portion of the United States (US) population. In addition to being at risk for diseases common in the US-born population, Hispanic immigrants also are at risk for infections that do not usually occur in the US-born population. Thus, such diseases as tuberculosis, neurocysticercosis, brucellosis, typhoid fever, malaria, amebiasis, viral exanthems, and hepatitis need to be considered in Hispanics who present with fever or focal lesions. When included in the differential diagnosis, most of these infections can be readily diagnosed and treated with currently available methods.