In the Peruvian context for learning mathematics, the use of collaborative learning strategies is essential to achieve an adequate academic performance in them; and, at the same time, develop an adequate confidence level in mathematical abilities called self-efficacy. The present study aims to identify the predictive relationship between the collaborative learning strategies with the academic performance and the self-efficacy in mathematics in students’ aspirants to engineering careers. In this study the sample were 122 students (56 men (45.9%) and 66 women (54.1%)) between 15 and 26 years old (Mage = 17.81, SD = 1.74). In the results, it was identified women having a lower mean in mathematical self-efficacy, unlike males, but similar results in academic performance and in use of collaborative strategies in learning mathematics. Finally, the multiple linear regressions analysis shows the collaborative strategies in learning mathematics, and academic performance in mathematics positively predict the mathematical self-efficacy.