This study investigated the leaching process in order to maximize Mg and Fe extraction and to produce amorphous silica (SiO2) with high purity. For this, a mining waste identified as S-GO was employed; which is a serpentinite rock with high lizardite 1T and native brucite contents. A Taguchi Experiment Design was used in order to assess the parameters that influence the leaching process such as: granulometry, hydrochloric acid concentration (HCl), leaching temperature, and mass/volume ratio. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was done to understand the interrelation between the mineral structure and leaching performance. Results show that lizardite 1T-bearing serpentinite presents a low content of tetrahedral Al3+ and high octahedral Fe3+ contents on S-GO. Native brucite delayed the formation of a hydrated silica layer and improved dissolution of serpentines. For this, Mg and Fe extractions are efficient, reaching 88 ± 2% of Mg and Fe extracted during the first 30 min of reaction, under mild process conditions: stoichiometric mass/volume ratio, 1M HCl concentration, pressure of 1 bar, temperature of 100 °C, and 300 μm particle size. On the other hand, an excess of acid improves Mg and Fe extraction by only 10 ± 5% for S-GO. Such characteristics reduce energetic penalties and costs involved on indirect mineral carbonation processes by the pH swing method.