Title
Reduction of FFA in jatropha curcas oil via sequential direct-ultrasonic irradiation and dosage of methanol/sulfuric acid catalyst mixture on esterification process
Date Issued
01 December 2014
Access level
metadata only access
Resource Type
journal article
Author(s)
Chang C.C.
Chen Y.H.
Ji D.R.
Wang Y.Y.
Yen Y.Q.
Chang C.Y.
National Taiwan University
Publisher(s)
Elsevier Ltd
Abstract
Production of jatropha-ester (JO-ester) from jatropha oil (JO) under sequential direct-ultrasonic irradiation (UI) with auto-induced temperature rise followed by adding a mixture of methanol/sulfuric-acid catalyst (M/C) dose between high temperature intervals was studied. Comparisons with various doses of 5, 10, 16.6 and 25 mL at different temperature intervals of 108.9-120 °C, 100-120 °C, 85-120 °C and 75-120 °C respectively were performed. System parameters examined include: esterification times (tE) for UI, settling time (tS) after esterification and temperature (T). Properties of acid value (AV), iodine value (IV), kinematic viscosity (kV), density (ρLO) and water content (mw) of JO and JO-ester product were measured. The esterification conversion efficiencies (η) were determined and assessed. An η of 99.35% was obtained at temperature interval of 108.9-120 °C with 5 mL per dose for 20 doses and tE of 167.39 min (denoted as Process U120-5), which is slightly higher than η of 98.87% at temperature interval of 75-120 °C with 25 mL per dose for 4 doses and tE of 108.79 min (noted as Process U120-25). The JO-ester obtained via sequential UI with adding doses of 5 mL possess AV of 0.24 mg KOH/g, IV of 124.77 g I2/100 g, kV of 9.89 mm2/s, ρLO of 901.73 kg/m3 and mw of 0.3 wt.% showing that sequential UI and dose at higher temperature interval can give higher reduction of AV compared with 36.56 mg KOH/g of original oil. The effects of tS and tE on AV are of minor and moderate importance, respectively. The combined effects of auto-induced temperature-rise of UI and temperature higher than boiling point of methanol used improve the mixing and esterification extent.
Start page
1078
End page
1085
Volume
88
Language
English
OCDE Knowledge area
Química orgánica Ingeniería química
Scopus EID
2-s2.0-84910061479
Source
Energy Conversion and Management
ISSN of the container
01968904
Sponsor(s)
The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Science Council of Taiwan for supporting this study. Mr. Cesar Augusto Andrade-Tacca also greatly thanks the Ministry of Education of Taiwan (TMOE) and the National Taiwan University (NTU) for the grants supporting his study at the Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering (GIEE) of NTU.
Sources of information: Directorio de Producción Científica Scopus