Five quinolone-resistant strains were developed from a clinical Morganella morganii isolate (M1 strain) which was susceptible to nalidixic acid and fluoroquinolones. All five in vitro selected mutants showed diminished norfloxacin accumulation and two of them also decreased the expression of the AgO in the outer membrane lipopolysaccharide with respect to their parent strain and to the M. morganii NCTC-235 type strain. Likewise, the M1 strain did not express a 37-38 kDa protein and accumulated less norfloxacin than the M. morganii NCTC-235 strain. The decreased norfloxacin uptake in the five mutants compared with the M. morganii NCTC-235 strain was due to an enhanced proton-dependent active efflux plus a pre-existent decreased expression of a 37-38 kDa protein in the parent strain. Copyright (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.