Adaptation to drought stress is a very complex process. Drought stress is the result of numerous climatic, edaphic, and agronomic factors that are frequently further confounded by major variations in their timing, duration, and intensity. The combinations of morphological, physiological, and phenological traits/attributes required for optimal adaptation to drought stress varies with each local environment. Overall, the genetic contribution to drought adaptation is based on a combination of constitutive and induced physiological and biochemical traits. Furthermore, new plant varieties must have an array of biotic stress resistances, while still retaining product quality traits which are required for the farmers’ adoption of any new cultivar. This may be of paramount importance as it can interact with the expression of drought tolerance. The understanding of the full interaction of a complex collection of drought adaptation traits is much more difficult than understanding the functioning of each individual trait. The accurate assessment of a cultivar’s drought adaptation may not be possible from a single season evaluation. Similarly, there generally is no single trait that breeders can deploy to improve the productivity of a given crop under all water-limiting conditions. Development of overall drought adaptation for a plant is most generally the result of the collective expression of many plant characteristics in the appropriate environment. The genetic fragments defining these traits may be distributed across various locations over the entire genome. Even if one is fortunate enough to find the right combination of underlying loci in a single accession, it is very difficult to transfer such a collection of traits intact from a donor parent into the targeted local varieties. For these reasons, the use of standard procedures to directly breed for drought adaptation using classical empirical screening approaches, which rely heavily on yield or yield-derived indices have generally had at best only modest return for most crops [1-7].