This article aims to present the various applications of data compression in image processing. Since some time ago, several research groups have been developing methods based on different data compression techniques to classify, segment, filter and detect digital images fakery. It is necessary to analyze the relationship between different methods and put them into a framework to better understand and better exploit the possibilities that compression provides us respect to image processing; compression becomes very easy techniques to apply without much technical requirement. In this article we will also see the types of compression and specific image compressors.