In the last half-century, neuroscience has managed to gain a hegemonic position in the current cultural and academic framework. In this article, we discuss two models to explain the human brain. On the one hand, there is the classical neuroscience model, which is the common way in which neuroscience is currently taught, it usually divides the brain into lobes or areas. On the other hand, there is the sociobiological informational model that treats the brain as an integrated dual system: paleocortex and neocortex, the latter being (consciousness) what a person has internalized in the course of a life in society. The objective of this review is to present these two models or approaches (the “classical” and the “sociobiological informational”) to explain the human brain (one of the great issues that any teaching of neuroscience is obliged to touch).