This work reports on a floristic survey of Asteraceae in rocky outcrop grasslands on the Bocaina and Carrancas mountain range, located in the Upper Rio Grande highlands, southern Minas Gerais State, as well as on an analysis of floristic similarity between mountainous areas of Brazilian Plateau. The floristic survey was carried out in 11 areas on the Bocaina and Carrancas mountain range. The floristic similarity was carried out between 17 other grasslands of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Bahia. In this floristic survey, the family showed 117 species, 43 genera and 14 tribes. The richest genera were Baccharis (14), Lessingianthus (10), Mikania (8) and Chromolaena (8). The mountain range of Bocaina and Carrancas showed highest floristic similarity with the mountain range of Canastra, mountain range of São Josè and Toca dos Urubus, while the lowest similarity were with the mountain range of Órgãos. There was no significant correlation in relation to floristic similarity and geographical distance between the areas analyzed. The relationships in floristic composition between the groups formed are probably related to geomorphological, edaphic, climatic, vegetation beyond the influence of phytogeographic domains where these grasslands are located.