The research presented as purpose to determine the incidence of human talent management in the improvement of public management and labor performance of workers of the Central Administration of the Ministry of Health of Peru during 2018. The hypothetical deductive was used as a method, with a non-experimental, transversal design. The population consisted of workers from the headquarters of the Ministry of Health. Non-probabilistic sampling was used. In the construction and validation of the instruments, the content and construct validity was considered, using the technique of expert opinion, the survey technique and its instrument was used, the questionnaire, with Likert scale questions. The results allow to affirm that before a Nagelkerke coefficient R2 of 44.4% and 28.4%, the human talent management is adequate, influencing the improvement of the public management and labor performance of the workers of the Central Administration of the Ministry of Health studied.