We measure the bulk and light-induced absorption as well as the dark-and photoconductivity in doped and undoped photorefractive Bi12TiO20 crystals and compare the results obtained using different techniques. From these data we compute the quantum efficiency for the photogeneration of charge carriers and the carriers mobility-lifetime product, and characterize the suitability of these crystals for holographic recording. A two-center model theory is shown to adequately describe absorption and photoconduction in these materials. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.