The Ebenaceae are represented in Peru by 16 species in two genera (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993; Ulloa Ulloa et al., 2004), all of them trees. Here we recognize six endemic taxa in two genera. Diospyros includes the largest number of endemic species. Endemic species are found in the Humid Lowland Amazonian Forests and Very Humid Montane Forests regions, between 120 and 1290 m elevation. Four endemic taxa have been registered to date in Peru's protected areas system.