This is a qualitative study, aimed at describing community perceptions on dengue prevention in affected areas of Lima. A series of interviews were conducted in six of those areas using the health belief model approach. Respondents noted several factors about sanitation, behaviors and information that could increase their exposure to dengue. They expressed that this illness would affect their lives in different ways, in aspects related to work, family and economy. They recognized their share of responsibility on prevention, but also talked about the importance of health promoters work, media and community leaders. Among the preventive measures they mentioned, there were a few with no evidence of effectiveness. The main identified problems were lack of health professionals, community participation and preventive activities. They also noted that most activities were discontinued after outbreaks. The findings provide an opportunity to discuss and reflect on the preventive work done to face dengue.