Is whistleblowing effective-does it really work? What elements make the process effective? Apaza and Chang answer these inquiries by analyzing previous works on whistleblowing and identifying factors that influenced the final outcomes of blowing the whistle. Through this analysis, the authors identify five factors known to influence effective whistleblowing: type of whistleblowing, role of mass media, documentation of evidence, retaliation, and legal protection. Those factors are then evaluated through a case study method (e.g. archival and pattern-matching research methodology).