The objective was to describe the frequency of molecular subtypes of PML/RARα in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and their distribution according to risk of recurrence and cytomorphology. A case series was carried out, including fifty patients registered at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (INEN) during 2010-2012, with molecular diagnosis of APL PML/RARα and bcr1, bcr2 and bcr3 subtypes by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Bcr1 subtype was the most frequent (62%). Most patients with an intermediate risk of recurrence and hypergranular morphology were bcr1 (70%), while all patients with high risk of recurrence and hypogranular morphology were bcr3. A predominance of bcr1 subtype among the population studied can therefore be concluded, as well as the fact that there are differences in the distribution of bcr1 and bcr3 subtypes according to recurrence risk group and cytomorphology.