Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium affecting gastric mucosa in more than 50% of world population, and has been recognized as the most important etiologic factor in the development of many gastric pathologies including gastritis, ulcer, gastric cancer, and the gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALT lymphoma). Due to pathogenic potential of this bacterium, it is necessary to have effective methods for its detection. Techniques used for Helicobacter pylori infection detection are divided into two groups: invasive techniques, requiring a gastric endoscopy for biopsy obtention, and non-invasive techniques which are less aggressive for patient. This review is an updating of main techniques used in diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, which are in a continuous improvement.