Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan genus Leishmania. It is an endemic illness that encloses 80 countries, including some of the European continent and especially in development countries. In this revision the usual therapeutical options, focusing mechanisms of action and resistance, pharmacokinetics and toxicity are discussed . Additionally, the attempts for application of other chemotherapeutical drugs, especially organometalic substances derivatives of potencial active ligands, are also cited .