OBJECTIVE: To describe the first cochlear array insertions using a robot-assisted technique, with different types of straight or precurved electrode arrays, compared with arrays manually inserted into the cochlea. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Tertiary otologic center. PATIENTS: Twenty cochlear implantations in the robot-assisted group and 40 in the manually inserted group. INTERVENTIONS: Cochlear implantations using a robot-assisted technique (RobOtol) with straight (eight Cochlear CI522/622, and eight Advanced Bionics Hifocus Slim J) or precurved (four Advanced Bionics Hifocus Mid-Scala) matched to manual cochlear implantations. Three-dimensional reconstruction images of the basilar membrane and the electrode array were obtained from pre- and postimplantation computed tomography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rate and localization of scalar translocations. RESULTS: For straight electrode arrays, scalar translocations occurred in 19% (3/16) of the robot-assisted group and 31% (10/32) of the manually inserted group. Considering the number of translocated electrodes, this was lower in the robot-assisted group (7%) than in the manually inserted group (16%) (p < 0.0001, χ2 test). For precurved electrode arrays, scalar translocations occurred in 50% (2/4) of the robot-assisted group and 38% (3/8) of the manually inserted group. CONCLUSION: This study showed a safe and reliable insertion of different electrode array types with a robot-assisted technique, with a less traumatic robotic insertion of straight electrode arrays when compared with manual insertion.