In this article, we identify the most representative policies and strategies implemented by the Venezuelan government for the agrifood sector during the last 40 years, specifying the social implications in the Venezuelan population. The research is analytical, of documentary-bibliographic aspect; the main sources are secondary, represented by scientific documents; supported when appropriate, in the primary sources through the use of empirical information from the studied reality. The results show that there have been many policies and strategies undertaken in the industry for 40 years, some with neoliberal aspects and other with social aspects; without having been able to overcome critical situations present in the sector, the problems persist and have been accentuated with implications not always positive in the population. It can be concluded that the implemented policies have led to a decrease in production, leading to shortages in basic necessities; regulations on prices and controls on the quantities of products to buy are conducive to corruption and speculation; excessive queues for the purchase of food in commercial premises prevent their timely access. The foregoing generates physical and psychological exhaustion, uncertainty, food insecurity, malnutrition and malaise. The right to food is alienated, curtailing the guarantee of security and food sovereignty of the Venezuelan population.