In 2012, the Peruvian natural gas proven reserves increased to 15.4 tcf, out of which 13.3 tcf originated from the Camisea gas fields. The Camisea project became a cornerstone, by enabling the replacement of contaminating and costly fuels such as gasoline and diesel, with a cleaner and cheaper fuel such as natural gas. The natural gas share in the demand for hydrocarbons increased from 7% in 2003 to 35% in 2013. A discussion covers how the main transportation and distribution pipelines guarantee works; the agents who are required to pay it; and why it is important for the economic development and energy access. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 21st World Petroleum Congress (Moscow, Russia 6/15/14-6/19/14).